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  2. Combustion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustion

    The flames caused as a result of a fuel undergoing combustion (burning) Air pollution abatement equipment provides combustion control for industrial processes.. Combustion, or burning, [1] is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction between a fuel (the reductant) and an oxidant, usually atmospheric oxygen, that produces oxidized, often gaseous products, in a mixture termed as smoke.

  3. Adiabatic flame temperature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatic_flame_temperature

    Ethanol burning with its spectrum depicted. In the study of combustion, the adiabatic flame temperature is the temperature reached by a flame under ideal conditions. It is an upper bound of the temperature that is reached in actual processes.

  4. Gasoline - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gasoline

    About 2.353 kilograms per liter (19.64 lb/U.S. gal) of carbon dioxide (CO 2) are produced from burning gasoline that does not contain ethanol. [77] Most of the retail gasoline now sold in the U.S. contains about 10 percent fuel ethanol (or E10) by volume. [77]

  5. Heat of combustion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_of_combustion

    2 O,out is the number of moles of water vaporized and n fuel,in is the number of moles of fuel combusted. [9] Most applications that burn fuel produce water vapor, which is unused and thus wastes its heat content. In such applications, the lower heating value must be used to give a 'benchmark' for the process.

  6. Flame - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flame

    Flames of charcoal. A flame (from Latin flamma) is the visible, gaseous part of a fire.It is caused by a highly exothermic chemical reaction made in a thin zone. [1] When flames are hot enough to have ionized gaseous components of sufficient density, they are then considered plasma.

  7. Flame speed - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flame_speed

    Whereas flame velocity is generally used for a fuel, a related term is explosive velocity, which is the same relationship measured for an explosive. Combustion engineers differentiate between the laminar flame speed and turbulent flame speed. Flame speed is typically measured in m/s, cm/s, etc. The physical phenomena of combustion can be found.

  8. Liquid fuel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_fuel

    It offers many of the advantages of compressed natural gas (CNG), but does not burn as cleanly, is denser than air and is much more easily compressed. Commonly used for cooking and space heating, LP gas and compressed propane are seeing increased use in motorized vehicles; propane is the third most commonly used motor fuel globally.

  9. Lean-burn - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lean-burn

    Lean-burn refers to the burning of fuel with an excess of air in an internal combustion engine. In lean-burn engines the air–fuel ratio may be as lean as 65:1 (by mass). The air / fuel ratio needed to stoichiometrically combust gasoline, by contrast, is 14.64:1. The excess of air in a lean-burn engine emits far less hydrocarbons.