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A magnetic core is a piece of magnetic material with a high magnetic permeability used to confine and guide magnetic fields in electrical, electromechanical and magnetic devices such as electromagnets, transformers, electric motors, generators, inductors, loudspeakers, magnetic recording heads, and magnetic assemblies.
For example, 4% electrical steel has an initial relative permeability (at or near 0 T) of 2,000 and a maximum of 38,000 at T = 1 [5] [6] and different range of values at different percent of Si and manufacturing process, and, indeed, the relative permeability of any material at a sufficiently high field strength trends toward 1 (at magnetic ...
Strip of permalloy. Permalloy is a nickel–iron magnetic alloy, with about 80% nickel and 20% iron content.Invented in 1914 by physicist Gustav Elmen at Bell Telephone Laboratories, [1] it is notable for its very high magnetic permeability, which makes it useful as a magnetic core material in electrical and electronic equipment, and also in magnetic shielding to block magnetic fields.
Magnetically hard materials have high coercivity, whereas magnetically soft materials have low coercivity. The overall strength of a magnet is measured by its magnetic moment or, alternatively, its total magnetic flux. The local strength of magnetism in a material is measured by its magnetization.
Mu-metal has several compositions. One such composition is approximately 77% nickel, 16% iron, 5% copper, and 2% chromium or molybdenum. [1] [2]More recently, mu-metal is considered to be ASTM A753 Alloy 4 and is composed of approximately
Magnetic reluctance, or magnetic resistance, is a concept used in the analysis of magnetic circuits. It is defined as the ratio of magnetomotive force (mmf) to magnetic flux . It represents the opposition to magnetic flux, and depends on the geometry and composition of an object.
Hysteresis loop Induction B as function of field strength H for H varying between H min and H max; for ferromagnetic material the B has different values for H going up and down, therefore a plot of the function forms a loop instead of a curve joining two points; for perminvar type materials, the loop is a "rectangle" (Domain Structure of Perminvar Having a Rectangular Hysteresis Loop, Williams ...
[1] [2] [15] [16] A core can increase the magnetic field to thousands of times the strength of the field of the coil alone, due to the high magnetic permeability of the material. [1] [2] Not all electromagnets use cores, so this is called a ferromagnetic-core or iron-core electromagnet.