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The apple maggot (Rhagoletis pomonella), also known as the railroad worm (but distinct from the Phrixothrix beetle larva, also called railroad worm), is a species of fruit fly, and a pest of several types of fruits, mostly apples.
Rhagoletis mendax Curran, 1932 – blueberry maggot; Rhagoletis metallica (Schiner, 1868) Rhagoletis mongolica Kandybina, 1972; Rhagoletis nicaraguensis Hernández-Ortiz, 1999; Rhagoletis nova (Schiner, 1868) Rhagoletis ochraspis (Wiedemann, 1830) Rhagoletis osmanthi Bush, 1966; Rhagoletis penela Foote, 1981; Rhagoletis persimilis Bush, 1966
Bush is best known for his research on the process of speciation, [2] especially for his evidence of sympatric speciation in the apple maggot fruit fly, Rhagoletis pomonella, which shifted from using its native host, hawthorn tree, to using the domesticated apple tree in the last 150-200 years. [3] [4]
Another distantly related family of flies, Tephritidae, are true fruit flies because they are frugivorous, and include apple maggot flies and many pests. The best known species of the Drosophilidae is Drosophila melanogaster , within the genus Drosophila , also called the "fruit fly."
The hawthorn fly (Rhagoletis pomonella), also known as the apple maggot fly, appears to be undergoing sympatric speciation. [45] Different populations of hawthorn fly feed on different fruits. A distinct population emerged in North America in the 19th century some time after apples, a non-native species, were introduced.
Rhagoletis pomonella, the apple maggot, may be currently undergoing sympatric or, more precisely, heteropatric (see heteropatry) speciation. The apple feeding race of this species appears to have spontaneously emerged from the hawthorn feeding race in the 1800–1850 AD time frame, after apples were first introduced into North America.
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