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Lamotrigine, sold under the brand name Lamictal among others, is a medication used to treat epilepsy and stabilize mood in bipolar disorder. [5] [8] For epilepsy, this includes focal seizures, tonic-clonic seizures, and seizures in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. [8]
A low efficacy-based therapeutic index and a high safety-based therapeutic index are preferable for a drug to have a favorable efficacy vs safety profile. At the early discovery/development stage, the clinical TI of a drug candidate is unknown.
Lamotrigine: Lamictal Levetiracetam: Keppra Lithium salts: Camcolit, Eskalith, Lithobid, Sedalit Oxcarbazepine: Trileptal Topiramate: Topamax Sodium valproate [note 1] Convulex, Depakene, Depakine Enteric, Orfiril, Stavzor Divalproex sodium [note 2] Depakote, Epival, Ergenyl Chrono Sodium valproate and valproic acid in 2.3:1 ratio
inducing pioneering research and development of new drugs and; enabling competitors to bring low-cost, generic copies of those drugs to market'". [1] The Orange Book identifies drug products approved on the basis of safety and effectiveness by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.
Vyvanse (lisdexamfetamine) – a pro-drug stimulant used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and binge eating disorder; Vyvanse is converted into Dexedrine in vivo; Viibryd – an antidepressant of the serotonin modulator and stimulators class; Vivactil (protriptyline) an antidepressant also used in the treatment of nerve pain
Data from studies conducted on women taking antiepileptic drugs for non-epileptic reasons, including depression and bipolar disorder, show that if high doses of the drugs are taken during the first trimester of pregnancy then there is the potential of an increased risk of congenital malformations. [102]
A stimulant is a drug that stimulates the central nervous system, increasing arousal, attention and endurance. Stimulants are used in psychiatry to treat attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. Because the medications can be addictive, patients with a history of drug abuse are typically monitored closely or treated with a non-stimulant.
The defined daily dose is not a standard therapeutic dose nor necessarily agree with any average prescribed daily dose in practice. While this technical metric could be used, for example, to compare the costs of two formulations of the same drug, WHO state that it should not be used for detailed pricing or therapeutic-class cost comparisons.