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Herbert Hoover and the Great Depression (1959). scholarly history online; Watkins, T. H. The Great Depression: America in the 1930s. (2009) online; popular history. Wecter, Dixon. The Age of the Great Depression, 1929–1941 (1948), scholarly social history online; Wicker, Elmus. The Banking Panics of the Great Depression (1996) White, Eugene N.
The term "The Great Depression" is most frequently attributed to British economist Lionel Robbins, whose 1934 book The Great Depression is credited with formalizing the phrase, [230] though Hoover is widely credited with popularizing the term, [230] [231] informally referring to the downturn as a depression, with such uses as "Economic ...
A decade later, in 1931, at a convention in the city, the Jehovah's Witnesses took that name by which they are known today. The effects of the Great Depression were less severe in Columbus, as the city's diversified economy helped it fare better than its Rust Belt neighbors. World War II brought many new jobs and another population surge.
Ohio was hit very hard by the Great Depression in the 1930s. In 1932, unemployment for the state reached 37.3%. By 1933, 40% of factory workers and 67% of construction labor were unemployed. [119] The voters supported Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932, 1936, and 1940, with large margins in the cities.
During the 1930s, the Great Depression struck the state hard. By 1933, more than 40% of factory workers and 67% of construction workers were unemployed in Ohio. [75] Approximately 50% of industrial workers in Cleveland and 80% in Toledo became unemployed, with the state unemployment rate reaching a high of 37.3%. [75]
#13 Young Girl During The Great Depression, 1930s. Image credits: Old-time Photos #14 Men In Harlem Gather In Front Of A Shop To Listen To The Radio, 1940. Image credits: Old-time Photos
The recovery, however, was very slow. The nadir of the Great Depression was 1933, and recovery was rapid until the recession of 1938 proved a setback. There were no major new industries in the 1930s that were big enough to drive growth the way autos, electricity and construction had been so powerful in the 1920s. GDP surpassed 1929 levels in 1940.
Essays on the Great Depression (2000) Bernstein, Michael A. The Great Depression: Delayed Recovery and Economic Change in America, 1929–1939 (1989) focus on low-growth and high-growth industries; Bordo, Michael D., Claudia Goldin, and Eugene N. White, eds. The Defining Moment: The Great Depression and the American Economy in the Twentieth ...