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There are 89 integral (whole degree) circles of latitude between the Equator and the poles in each hemisphere, but these can be divided into more precise measurements of latitude, and are often represented as a decimal degree (e.g. 34.637° N) or with minutes and seconds (e.g. 22°14'26" S).
With this value for R the meridian length of 1 degree of latitude on the sphere is 111.2 km (69.1 statute miles) (60.0 nautical miles). The length of one minute of latitude is 1.853 km (1.151 statute miles) (1.00 nautical miles), while the length of 1 second of latitude is 30.8 m or 101 feet (see nautical mile).
The distance between two parallel lines in the plane is the minimum distance between any two points. Formula and proof. Because the lines are parallel, the ...
Geographical distance or geodetic distance is the distance measured along the surface of the Earth, or the shortest arch length. The formulae in this article calculate distances between points which are defined by geographical coordinates in terms of latitude and longitude. This distance is an element in solving the second (inverse) geodetic ...
On the ellipsoid the exact distance between parallels at φ 1 and φ 2 is m(φ 1) − m(φ 2). For WGS84 an approximate expression for the distance Δm between the two parallels at ±0.5° from the circle at latitude φ is given by = ()
The 45th parallel north is often called the halfway point between the equator and the North Pole, but the true halfway point is 16.038487 km (9.965854 mi) north of it (at approximately 45°08'39.544") because Earth is an oblate spheroid; that is, it bulges at the equator and is flattened at the poles.
The 44th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 44 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Europe , the Mediterranean Sea , Asia , the Pacific Ocean , North America , and the Atlantic Ocean .
The 49th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 49° north of Earth's equator. It crosses Europe , Asia , the Pacific Ocean , North America , and the Atlantic Ocean . The city of Paris is about 15 km (9 mi) south of the 49th parallel and is the largest city between the 48th and 49th parallels.