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However, it is possible to use the open web to find many good sources to use in writing encyclopedia articles. Examples of such sources are news stories from newspapers with a reputation for accuracy, books which have previews on digital libraries, and academic papers which are available open access in open archives.
Self-published books may be printed by a vanity press or a publisher that prints books by only that author. If the author works for a company, and the publisher is the employer, and the author's job is to produce the work (e.g., sales materials or a corporate website), then the author and publisher are the same.
Google Books will often give access to a few pages or a snippet view. See if other editions are available (although the content or pagination may differ). Use WorldCat to see if your local library has a physical version of the book. Request the book through your library's interlibrary loan service, if available.
Now you know how to add sources to an article, but which sources should you use? The word "source" in Wikipedia has three meanings: the work itself (for example, a document, article, paper, or book), the creator of the work (for example, the writer), and the publisher of the work (for example, Cambridge University Press).
The ID number might be an ISBN for a book, a DOI (digital object identifier) for an article or some e-books, or any of several ID numbers that are specific to particular article databases, such as a PMID number for articles on PubMed. It may be possible to format these so that they are automatically activated and become clickable when added to ...
Once you have created an article, see Writing better articles for guidance on how to improve it and what to include (like reference citations). For contributing images, audio or video files, see the Introduction to uploading images. Then the Upload wizard will guide you through that process.
This example is the most basic and includes unique references for each citation, showing the page numbers in the reference list. This repeats the citation, changing the page number. A disadvantage is that this can create a lot of redundant text in the reference list when a source is cited many times. So consider using one of the alternatives ...
Indexes are commonly provided in many types of reference work. Updated editions are published as needed, in some cases annually. In comparison, a reference book or reference-only book in a library is one that may only be used in the library and not borrowed from the library. Many such books are reference works (in the first sense) which are ...