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Late medieval gothic plate armour with list of elements. The slot in the helmet is called an occularium. This list identifies various pieces of body armour worn from the medieval to early modern period in the Western world, mostly plate but some mail armour, arranged by the part of body that is protected and roughly by date.
Reinforcing plates for knees called poleyns began to supplement mail chausses after about 1230. [7] Because most leg armor had to be pulled on from the foot, rather than snapped on such as a breastplate, a chausse might have been considered to be worn on the foot. Steel shin plates called schynbalds came into use during the mid-13th century. [8]
Examples of items of Roman military personal armour included: Galea or soldier's helmet. Variant forms included the Coolus helmet, Montefortino helmet, and Imperial helmet. Greaves, to protect the legs. Lorica , including: Lorica hamata (mail armour) Lorica manica (arm guards) Lorica plumata (a form of scale armour resembling feathers)
A waist-length coat in medieval Europe was called a byrnie, although the exact construction of a byrnie is unclear, including whether it was constructed of mail or other armour types. Noting that the byrnie was the "most highly valued piece of armour" to the Carolingian soldier, Bennet, Bradbury, DeVries, Dickie, and Jestice [ 17 ] indicate that:
Re-enactor with Pompeii-type gladius The Mainz Gladius on display at the British Museum, London. Gladius is the general Latin word for 'sword'. In the Roman Republic, the term gladius Hispaniensis (Spanish sword) referred (and still refers) specifically to the short sword, 60 cm (24 inches) long, used by Roman legionaries from the 3rd century BC.
The ringed knee-length tunic was slit in the front and back to allow for more comfortable riding. The length of the trousers became shorter. "Mascled armor" began to replace the traditional ringed armory. These new iron pieces were assembled to look like mesh or nets but a combination of the two patterns have been found to be used.
Sultanate of Bagirmi horseman in full padded armour suit, 1901. Linothorax was a type of armour similar to gambeson, used by ancient Greeks. Meanwhile, the Mesoamericans were known to have used a kind of quilted textile armour called ichcahuipilli before the arrival of the conquistadors, who loaned this word as Spanish: escaupil.
The reference to greaves (Ancient Greek: κνημίδες) [citation needed] exists in various texts of classical antiquity, including The Shield of Heracles, The Iliad and The Odyssey, The Bibliotheca of Pseudo-Apollodorus, and The Aeneid.
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