Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
A crista (/ ˈ k r ɪ s t ə /; pl.: cristae) is a fold in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. The name is from the Latin for crest or plume , and it gives the inner membrane its characteristic wrinkled shape, providing a large amount of surface area for chemical reactions to occur on.
The end of cristae are partially closed by transmembrane protein complexes that bind head to head and link opposing crista membranes in a bottleneck-like fashion. [2] For example, deletion of the junction protein IMMT leads to a reduced inner membrane potential and impaired growth [ 3 ] and to dramatically aberrant inner membrane structures ...
The inner mitochondrial membrane divides the mitochondrial lumen into two parts: the inner border membrane, which runs parallel to the OMM, and the cristae, which are deeply twisted, multinucleated invaginations that give room for surface area enlargement and house the mitochondrial respiration apparatus.
In mitochondria, energy released by the electron transport chain is used to move protons from the mitochondrial matrix (N side) to the intermembrane space (P side). Moving the protons out of the mitochondrion creates a lower concentration of positively charged protons inside it, resulting in excess negative charge on the inside of the membrane.
Mitochondrial matrix has a pH of about 7.8, which is higher than the pH of the intermembrane space of the mitochondria, which is around 7.0–7.4. [5] Mitochondrial DNA was discovered by Nash and Margit in 1963. One to many double stranded mainly circular DNA is present in mitochondrial matrix. Mitochondrial DNA is 1% of total DNA of a cell.
OPA1 plays both a genetic and molecular role in mitochondrial fusion and in cristae remodeling during apoptosis. [5] OPA1 exists in two forms; the first being soluble and found in the intermembrane space, and the second as an integral inner membrane form, work together to restructure and shape the cristae during and after apoptosis.
Most mutations of mitochondrial membrane transporters are autosomal recessive. Mutations to transporters within the inner mitochondrial membrane mostly affect high-energy tissues due to the disruption of oxidative phosphorylation. [4] [44] For example, decreased mitochondrial function has been linked to heart failure and hypertrophy. This ...
The mitochondria almost all carry mtDNA of their own but with greatly reduced genome sizes. Exceptions are Cryptosporidium which are left with only a mitosome , the circular mitochondrial genomes of Acavomonas and Babesia microti , [ 6 ] [ 7 ] and Toxoplasma ' s highly fragmented mitochondrial genome, consisting of 21 sequence blocks which ...