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Uniformitarianism was proposed in contrast to catastrophism, which states that the distant past "consisted of epochs of paroxysmal and catastrophic action interposed between periods of comparative tranquility" [40] Especially in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, most geologists took this interpretation to mean that catastrophic events are ...
Map of isothermal lines across North America and Europe from Lyell's Principles of Geology (6th edition). Published in three volumes in 1830–1833 by John Murray, the book established Lyell's credentials as an important geological theorist and popularized the doctrine of uniformitarianism (first suggested by James Hutton in Theory of the Earth published in 1795). [3]
The theory was proposed in 1795 by James Hutton, a Scottish geologist, and was later incorporated into Charles Lyell's theory of uniformitarianism. Tenets from both theories were applied to biology and formed the basis of early evolutionary theory.
By 1827, he had abandoned law and embarked on a geological career that would result in fame and the general acceptance of uniformitarianism, a working out of the ideas proposed by James Hutton a few decades earlier. Charles Lyell at the British Association meeting in Glasgow 1840. Painting by Alexander Craig.
In historical linguistics, the uniformitarian principle is the assumption that processes of language change that can be observed today also operated in the past. Peter Trudgill calls the uniformitarian principle "one of the fundamental bases of modern historical linguistics," which he characterizes, other things being equal, as the principle "that knowledge of processes that operated in the ...
This idea, uniformitarianism, was used by Charles Lyell in his work, and Lyell's textbook was an important influence on Charles Darwin. The work was first published in 1788 [4] by the Royal Society of Edinburgh, and later in 1795 as two book volumes. [5] [6]
The principle of Uniformitarianism states that the geologic processes observed in operation that modify the Earth's crust at present have worked in much the same way over geologic time. [2] A fundamental principle of geology advanced by the 18th century Scottish physician and geologist James Hutton, is that "the present is the key to the past ...
Whewell coined, among other terms, scientist, [2] physicist, linguistics, consilience, catastrophism, uniformitarianism, and astigmatism; [3] he suggested to Michael Faraday the terms electrode, ion, dielectric, anode, and cathode. [4] [5] Whewell died in Cambridge in 1866 as a result of a fall from his horse.