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The community of inquiry (CoI) [1] is a concept first introduced by early pragmatist philosophers C.S.Peirce [2] and John Dewey, concerning the nature of knowledge formation and the process of scientific inquiry. The community of inquiry is broadly defined as any group of individuals involved in a process of empirical or conceptual inquiry into
Peirce's pragmatism, as method and theory of definitions and conceptual clearness, is part of his theory of inquiry, [110] which he variously called speculative, general, formal or universal rhetoric or simply methodeutic. [111] He applied his pragmatism as a method throughout his work.
Models of scientific inquiry have two functions: first, to provide a descriptive account of how scientific inquiry is carried out in practice, and second, to provide an explanatory account of why scientific inquiry succeeds as well as it appears to do in arriving at genuine knowledge. The philosopher Wesley C. Salmon described scientific inquiry:
Inquiry education supports these skills, especially when students take part in a community of inquiry. [45] [49] Students who are actively collaborating and communicating in an inquiry based science class exhibit and develop many of these skills. [48] [49] [45] [43] Specifically, these students: make observations and ask questions with their peers
In his Logic: The Theory of Inquiry (1938), Dewey gave the following definition of inquiry: Inquiry is the controlled or directed transformation of an indeterminate situation into one that is so determinate in its constituent distinctions and relations as to convert the elements of the original situation into a unified whole. (Dewey, p. 108).
An inquiry (also spelled as enquiry in British English) [a] [b] is any process that has the aim of augmenting knowledge, resolving doubt, or solving a problem. A theory of inquiry is an account of the various types of inquiry and a treatment of the ways that each type of inquiry achieves its aim.
(Peirce's sign theory concerns meaning in the broadest sense, including logical implication, not just the meanings of words as properly clarified by a dictionary.) The interpretant is a sign (a) of the object and (b) of the interpretant's "predecessor" (the interpreted sign) as being a sign of the same object.
A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment. Such fact-supported theories are not "guesses" but reliable accounts of the real world. The theory of biological evolution is more than "just a theory".