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James Clerk Maxwell FRS FRSE (13 June 1831 – 5 November 1879) was a Scottish physicist and mathematician [1] who was responsible for the classical theory of electromagnetic radiation, which was the first theory to describe electricity, magnetism and light as different manifestations of the same phenomenon.
The following is a list of books by John C. Maxwell. His books have sold more than twenty million copies, with some on the New York Times Best Seller list. Some of his works have been translated into fifty languages. [1] By 2012, he has sold more than 20 million books. [2]
John W. Arthur [8]: 7, 8 concludes that the sign of e in (G) is wrong, and observes [8]: 8 that this sign is corrected in Maxwell's subsequent Treatise. [9] Arthur speculates that the sign confusion may have arisen from the analogy between momentum and the magnetic vector potential (Maxwell's "electromagnetic momentum"), in which positive mass ...
Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime, commonly used in high-energy and gravitational physics, are compatible with general relativity. [ note 2 ] In fact, Albert Einstein developed special and general relativity to accommodate the invariant speed of light, a consequence of Maxwell's equations, with the principle that only relative movement ...
Maxwell's work is considered an exemplar of rhetoric of science: [3] Lagrange's equations appear in the Treatise as the culmination of a long series of rhetorical moves, including (among others) Green's theorem , Gauss's potential theory and Faraday's lines of force – all of which have prepared the reader for the Lagrangian vision of a ...
In summary, Maxwell's equations successfully unified theories of light and electromagnetism, which is one of the great unifications in physics. [9] Maxwell built a simple flywheel model of electromagnetism, and Boltzmann built an elaborate mechanical model ("Bicykel") based on Maxwell's flywheel model, which he used for lecture demonstrations. [10]
Maxwell’s thermodynamic surface is an 1874 sculpture [1] made by Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879). This model provides a three-dimensional space of the various states of a fictitious substance with water-like properties. [2] This plot has coordinates volume (x), entropy (y), and energy (z).
According to James Clerk Maxwell, such a scenario seems to violate the second law of thermodynamics. Leo Szilard's refinement of Maxwell's demon in the context of information theory is sometimes referred to as Szilard's demon. [5] The biological equivalent of Maxwell's "finite being" is a molecular demon.