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  2. Physical Review Letters - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_Review_Letters

    Physical Review Letters (PRL), established in 1958, is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal that is published 52 times per year by the American Physical Society. The journal is considered one of the most prestigious in the field of physics. Over a quarter of Physics Nobel Prize-winning papers between 1995 and 2017 were published in it. [1]

  3. Binder parameter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binder_parameter

    Accordingly, the cumulant may also be used to identify the universality class of the transition by determining the value of the critical exponent of the correlation length. [ 1 ] In the thermodynamic limit , at the critical point , the value of the Binder parameter depends on boundary conditions , the shape of the system, and anisotropy of ...

  4. Generalized uncertainty principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized_uncertainty...

    Rooted in advanced theories of quantum gravity, including string theory and loop quantum gravity, the GUP introduces the concept of a minimal measurable length. This fundamental limit challenges the classical notion that positions can be measured with arbitrary precision, hinting at a discrete structure of spacetime at the Planck scale.

  5. Physical Review - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_Review

    In July 1958, the sister journal Physical Review Letters was introduced to publish short articles of particularly broad interest, initially edited by George L. Trigg, who remained as editor until 1988. In 1970, Physical Review split into sub-journals Physical Review A, B, C, and D.

  6. Large extra dimensions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_extra_dimensions

    If the unification scale is at a TeV, then for <, the results presented here imply that the compactification topology is more complicated than a torus, i.e., all large extra dimensions (LED) having the same size. For flat LED of the same size, the lower limits on the unification scale results are consistent with n ≥ 4. [32]

  7. Bekenstein bound - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bekenstein_bound

    According to the Bekenstein bound, the entropy of a black hole is proportional to the number of Planck areas that it would take to cover the black hole's event horizon.. In physics, the Bekenstein bound (named after Jacob Bekenstein) is an upper limit on the thermodynamic entropy S, or Shannon entropy H, that can be contained within a given finite region of space which has a finite amount of ...

  8. Hyperuniformity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperuniformity

    The term hyperuniformity (also independently called super-homogeneity in the context of cosmology [22]) was coined and studied by Salvatore Torquato and Frank Stillinger in a 2003 paper, [1] in which they showed that, among other things, hyperuniformity provides a unified framework to classify and structurally characterize crystals, quasicrystals, and exotic disordered varieties.

  9. Universal extra dimensions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_extra_dimensions

    The universal extra dimensions are assumed to be compactified with radii much larger than the traditional Planck length, although smaller than in the ADD model, ~10 −18 m. [2] Generically, the—so far unobserved—Kaluza–Klein resonances of the Standard Model fields in such a theory would appear at an energy scale that is directly related ...