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The Sri Lankan junglefowl (Gallus lafayettii sometimes spelled Gallus lafayetii), also known as the Ceylon junglefowl or Lafayette's junglefowl, is a member of the Galliformes bird order which is endemic to Sri Lanka, where it is the national bird.
Junglefowl are the only four living species of bird from the genus Gallus in the bird order Galliformes, and occur in parts of South and Southeast Asia.One of the species in this genus, the red junglefowl, is of historical importance as the direct ancestor of the domestic chicken, although the grey junglefowl, Sri Lankan junglefowl and green junglefowl are likely to have also been involved. [2]
In 1831, the French navy surgeon and naturalist René Primevère Lesson honored Lafayette by giving the Sri Lankan junglefowl the scientific name Gallus lafayetii. Hence the spelling lafayetii is considered a lapsus and the corrected spelling G. lafayettii is in common use. [5]
Gallus lafayetii (Lesson, 1831) Phasianidae: Forests, scrub jungles. Very common. All zones. [6] [8] Order Columbiformes: Sri Lanka wood pigeon. Columba torringtoniae (Kelaart, 1853) Columbidae: Forests, gardens. Restricted range. Hill country. Descends to low country wet zone during fruiting seasons. [9] [10] Sri Lanka green pigeon. Treron ...
G. g. gallus (Linnaeus 1758) (Cochin-Chinese red junglefowl) G. g. bankiva Temminck 1813 (Javan red junglefowl) Grey junglefowl, Gallus sonneratii Temminck, 1813; Sri Lanka junglefowl, Gallus lafayetii Lesson, 1831; Green junglefowl, Gallus varius (Shaw, 1798) Genus Peliperdix Bonaparte 1856. Latham's francolin, Peliperdix lathami (Hartlaub, 1854)
The national bird, Sri Lanka junglefowl (Gallus lafayetii), is endemic. Sri Lanka is home to 227 species of birds (though some past estimates put it as high as 486 [7]), 46 of which are threatened (10 critically). [5]
Galliformes / ˌ ɡ æ l ɪ ˈ f ɔːr m iː z / is an order of heavy-bodied ground-feeding birds that includes turkeys, chickens, quail, and other landfowl.Gallinaceous birds, as they are called, are important in their ecosystems as seed dispersers and predators, and are often reared by humans for their meat and eggs, or hunted as game birds.
Country Name of bird Scientific name Official status Picture Ref. Afghanistan Golden eagle Aquila chrysaetos Yes Albania Golden eagle Aquila chrysaetos Yes Angola Red-crested turaco Tauraco erythrolophus Yes Anguilla Zenaida dove Zenaida aurita Yes Antigua and Barbuda Magnificent frigatebird Fregata magnificens Yes Argentina Rufous hornero Furnarius rufus Yes [8] Aruba "Prikichi" Brown ...