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Bolosoma stalked glass sponge. Hexactinellid sponges are sponges with a skeleton made of four- and/or six-pointed siliceous spicules, often referred to as glass sponges.They are usually classified along with other sponges in the phylum Porifera, but some researchers consider them sufficiently distinct to deserve their own phylum, Symplasma.
Euplectella is a genus of glass sponges which includes the well-known Venus' Flower Basket. Glass sponges have a skeleton [2] made up of silica spicules that can form geometric patterns. These animals are most commonly found on muddy sea bottoms in the Western Pacific and Indian Oceans. [3]
Glass sponge embryos start by dividing into separate cells, but once 32 cells have formed they rapidly transform into larvae that externally are ovoid with a band of cilia round the middle that they use for movement, but internally have the typical glass sponge structure of spicules with a cobweb-like main syncitium draped around and between ...
The specimens live at a depth of 800–1,000 m [23]. In this region, the sponge occurs at a population density of 1-2 individuals per m 2. The animals reach sizes of around 1 m in length. (e) Drawings of different glass sponges (hexactinellids). [19]
Glass sponges feed through filtering microscopic-size food from water. Glass sponges are distinct filter-feeders that thrive in thedeeper part of the ocean even though plankton concentrations are considerably low. They are supported by food sources that come as a result of strong current or the bacteria from sediments. [11]
The cloud sponge is one of several species of glass sponge that form slow growing reefs in deep water. Their skeletons create habitat for diverse communities of invertebrates and fish . Its body is primarily made of biogenic silica (>90%) [ 5 ] which is of no nutritional value yet dorid nudibranchs ( Diaulula lentiginosa and Doris odhneri ...
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Amphidiscosida (sometimes spelled Amphidiscosa) [2] [3] is an order of hexactinellids (glass sponges). The Amphidiscosida are commonly regarded as the only living sponges in the subclass Amphidiscophora. [4] [5] As the name implies, the Amphidiscosida are characterized by a special type of microsclere (microscopic spicules): amphidiscs ...