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A sodium-vapor lamp is a gas-discharge lamp that uses sodium in an excited state to produce light at a characteristic wavelength near 589 nm. Two varieties of such lamps exist: low pressure and high pressure. Low-pressure sodium lamps are highly efficient electrical light sources, but their yellow light restricts applications to outdoor ...
After warming up, when the volatile compound used for light emission is vaporized and the pressure increases, reignition of the discharge requires either significantly higher voltage or reducing the internal pressure by cooling down the lamp. [7] For example, many sodium vapor lamps cannot be re-lit immediately after being shut off; they must ...
Metal-halide (MH) lamps; Ceramic MH lamps; Sodium-vapor lamps; Xenon short-arc lamps; The light-producing element of these lamp types is a well-stabilized arc discharge contained within a refractory envelope arc tube with wall loading in excess of 3 watts per square centimetre (19 W/in 2). Mercury-vapor lamps were the first commercially ...
Compared to other lamp types, relatively high arc power exists for the arc length. Examples of HID lamps include mercury-vapor lamps, metal halide lamps, ceramic discharge metal halide lamps, sodium vapor lamps and xenon arc lamps. HID lamps are typically used when high levels of light and energy efficiency are desired.
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A very common Penning mixture of about 98–99.5% of neon with 0.5–2% argon is used in some neon lamps, especially those rated for 120 volts. The mixture is easier to ionize than either neon or argon alone, and lowers the breakdown voltage at which the tube becomes conductive and starts producing light.
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related to: sodium vapor lamp ignition