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Uterine papillary serous carcinoma is staged like other forms of endometrial carcinoma at time of surgery using the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cancer staging system. Stage IA: tumor is limited to less than half the myometrium; Stage IB: invasion of more than half the myometrium; Stage II: cervical stromal invasion
A. Low-magnification view shows a focal high-grade serous carcinoma developing from the papillae (square) in a background of a typical serous borderline tumor. B. Higher magnification demonstrates enlarged and atypical high-grade serous carcinoma cells that organize in a papillary architecture.
High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is a type of tumour that arises from the serous epithelial layer in the abdominopelvic cavity and is mainly found in the ovary.HGSCs make up the majority of ovarian cancer cases [1] and have the lowest survival rates. [2]
Prognosis and treatment is the same as for the most common type of ovarian cancer, which is epithelial ovarian cancer. [6] [7] The median survival of primary peritoneal carcinomas is usually shorter by 2–6 months time when compared with serous ovarian cancer. Studies show median survival varies between 11.3 and 17.8 months.
Treatment of uterine cancer may differ depending on the type of cancer and staging of the tumor. [15] In early stages, minimal invasive surgery is preferred. [16] For endometrial cancer, five main types of treatments are used, including surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapy
Carcinosarcoma of the uterus. In gross appearance, MMMTs are fleshier than adenocarcinomas, may be bulky and polypoid, and sometimes protrude through the cervical os.On histology, the tumors consist of adenocarcinoma (endometrioid, serous or clear cell) mixed with the malignant mesenchymal elements; alternatively, the tumor may contain two distinct and separate epithelial and mesenchymal ...
The leading treatment option for endometrial cancer is abdominal hysterectomy (the total removal by surgery of the uterus), together with removal of the Fallopian tubes and ovaries on both sides, called a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. [4] In more advanced cases, radiation therapy, chemotherapy or hormone therapy may also be recommended. [4]
Papillary serous cystadenocarcinomas are the most common form of malignant ovarian cancer making up 26 percent of ovarian tumours in women aged over 20 in the United States. [ 1 ] As with most ovarian tumours, due to the lack of early signs of disease these tumours can be large when discovered and have often metastasized , often by spreading ...