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Borrowing base of financial institutions who themselves apply for asset-based revolving loans is calculated by summing up all tangible working assets (typically cash, bonds, stocks, etc.) and subtracting from it all senior debt, i.e. all other accumulated debt that does not rank behind other debt for repayment in the event of a liquidation. [24]
Federal Perkins Loan program are repayment plans available to undergraduate and graduate students who have demonstrated exceptional financial need and attended college or career school. The loan is subject to a fixed interest rate of 5%. [23] One repayment plan option for student loans is a graduated repayment schedule.
The loan-to-value ratio is the ratio of the total amount of the loan to the total value of the collateral securing the loan. For example, in mortgage lending in the United States, the loan-to-value concept is most commonly expressed as a "down payment." A 20% down payment is equivalent to an 80% loan to value.
With a secured loan, the borrower pledges an asset (such as plant, equipment, stock or vehicles) against the debt. If the debt is not repaid, the lender may claim the secured asset. Unsecured loans do not have collateral, though the lender will have a general claim on the borrower’s assets if repayment is not made.
A balance sheet is often described as a "snapshot of a company's financial condition". [1] It is the summary of each and every financial statement of an organization. Of the four basic financial statements, the balance sheet is the only statement which applies to a single point in time of a business's calendar year. [2]
A DSCR below 1.0 indicates that there is not enough cash flow to cover loan payments. In certain industries where non-recourse project finance is used, a Debt Service Reserve Account (DSRA) is commonly used to ensure that loan repayment can be met even in periods with DSCR<1.0 [2]
In banking and accounting, the balance is the amount of money owed (or due) on an account. In bookkeeping, "balance" is the difference between the sum of debit entries and the sum of credit entries entered into an account during a financial period. [1] When total debits exceed the total credits, the account indicates a debit balance.
To understand the actual value of sales, one must net the contras against sales, which gives rise to the term net sales (meaning net of the contras). [34] A more specific definition in common use is an account with a balance that is the opposite of the normal balance (Dr/Cr) for that section of the general ledger. [34]