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The most common form of venous access is a peripheral venous cannula which is generally inserted into veins of the hands, forearms, and occasionally feet. [1] Healthcare providers may use a number of different techniques in order to improve the chances of successful access.
Aside from infection, venous stenosis is another serious problem with catheter access. The catheter is a foreign body in the vein and often provokes an inflammatory reaction in the vein wall. This results in scarring and narrowing of the vein, often to the point of occlusion. This can cause problems with severe venous congestion in the area ...
A Hickman line two-lumen catheter inserted on the patient's left side. Scars at the base of the neck indicate the venotomy site and insertion point into the left jugular vein. A Hickman line is a central venous catheter most often used for the administration of chemotherapy or
Venous cutdown is an emergency procedure in which the vein is exposed surgically and then a cannula is inserted into the vein under direct vision. It is used for venous access in cases of trauma , and hypovolemic shock when the use of a peripheral venous catheter is either difficult or impossible.
Multiple vacuum tubes can be attached to and removed in turn from a single needle, allowing multiple samples to be obtained from a single procedure. This is possible due to the multiple sample sleeve, which is a flexible rubber fitting over the posterior end of the needle cannula which seals the needle until it is pushed out of the way. This ...
The insertion of a plastic cannula and withdrawal of the needle was introduced as a technique in 1945. [11] The first disposable version to be marketed was the Angiocath, first sold in 1964. In the 1970s and 1980s, the use of plastic cannulas became routine, and their insertion was more frequently delegated to nursing staff. [12]
A central venous catheter (CVC), also known as a central line (c-line), central venous line, or central venous access catheter, is a catheter placed into a large vein. It is a form of venous access. Placement of larger catheters in more centrally located veins is often needed in critically ill patients, or in those requiring prolonged ...
The tube visible at the bottom is the aortic cannula, which returns blood from the heart–lung machine. The tube above it (obscured by the surgeon on the right) is the venous cannula, which receives blood from the body. The patient's heart is stopped and the aorta is cross-clamped. The patient's head (not seen) is at the bottom.