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Coaching psychology is a field of applied psychology that applies psychological theories and concepts to the practice of coaching.Its aim is to increase performance, self-actualization, achievement and well-being in individuals, teams and organisations by utilising evidence-based methods grounded in scientific research. [1]
Athletics is a term encompassing the human competitive sports and games requiring physical skill, and the systems of training that prepare athletes for competitive performance. [1] [2] Athletic sports or contests are competitions which are primarily based on human physical competition, demanding the qualities of stamina, fitness, and skill.
Athletic trainer attending to a Portland Thorns player. The traditional setting for athletic trainers is embedded within a sports team. [7] [8] [9] In the United States, over 40% of athletic trainers work at an educational institution, including universities, secondary schools, and middle schools, providing health care to student athletes.
Sports coaches are involved in administration, athletic training, competition coaching, and representation of the team and the players. A survey in 2019 of the literature on sports coaching found an increase in the number of publications and most articles featured a quantitative research approach. [36] Sports psychology emerged from the 1890s. [37]
U.S. Navy sailors exercising in the presence of a female fitness instructor, 2010. A professional fitness coach is a professional in the field of fitness and exercise, most often instruction (fitness instructor), including professional sports club's fitness trainers and aerobics and yoga instructors and authors of fitness instruction books or manuals.
The coach helps athletes with injury prevention, through strengthening and coaching of movement mechanics within a sport. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] While a personal trainer may work with individuals of all fitness levels and focus on health or fitness, strength and conditioning coaches focus on competitive athletes and improving performance in a specific sport.
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A coaching staff can be existent at all levels of athletics. It is led by a head coach (known as a manager or senior coach in some sports) and consists of one or more assistant coaches, physicians, massage therapists, Athletic trainers, equipment managers, nutritionists and others, which are all required to pass training courses for reliability.