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Proanthocyanidins are a class of polyphenols found in many plants, such as cranberry, blueberry, and grape seeds. Chemically, they are oligomeric flavonoids. Many are oligomers of catechin and epicatechin and their gallic acid esters. More complex polyphenols, having the same polymeric building block, form the group of condensed tannins.
The main source of polyphenols is dietary, since they are found in a wide array of phytochemical-bearing foods.For example, honey; most legumes; fruits such as apples, blackberries, blueberries, cantaloupe, pomegranate, cherries, cranberries, grapes, pears, plums, raspberries, aronia berries, and strawberries (berries in general have high polyphenol content [5]) and vegetables such as broccoli ...
orange pigments . α-Carotene – to vitamin A carrots, pumpkins, maize, tangerine, orange.; β-Carotene – to vitamin A dark, leafy greens, red, orange and yellow fruits and vegetables.
Examples: Myricetin - walnuts are a rich source; Isoflavone phytoestrogens - found primarily in soy, peanuts, and other members of the family Fabaceae; Resveratrol - found in the skins of dark-colored grapes, and concentrated in red wine. Pterostilbene - methoxylated analogue of resveratrol, abundant in Vaccinium berries
These elongated seedless grapes, also called Sweet Sapphires, were bred by International Fruit Genetics, a California-based fruit breeding and patenting company, and launched in 2004.
They are rich sources of polyphenols. [6] In a natural setting, muscadine provides wildlife habitat as shelter, browse, and food for many birds and animals. [2] It is also a larval host for the Nessus Sphinx Moth (Amphion floridensis) and the Mournful Sphinx Moth (Enyo lugubris). [7]
Phenol – the simplest of the phenols Chemical structure of salicylic acid, the active metabolite of aspirin Chemical structure of aloe emodin, a diphenol Quercetin, a typical flavonoid, is a polyphenol Tannic acid, a typical polyphenol of indeterminate structure Lignin, is around 25% of the composition of wood This structure is repeated many ...
Naringenin is a flavanone from the flavonoid group of polyphenols. [2] It is commonly found in citrus fruits, especially as the predominant flavonone in grapefruit. [2]The fate and biological functions of naringenin in vivo are unknown, remaining under preliminary research, as of 2024. [2]