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Skeletal structural formula of Vitamin B 12.Many organic molecules are too complicated to be specified by a molecular formula.. The structural formula of a chemical compound is a graphic representation of the molecular structure (determined by structural chemistry methods), showing how the atoms are connected to one another. [1]
In chemistry, a hydroxy or hydroxyl group is a functional group with the chemical formula −OH and composed of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen atom. In organic chemistry , alcohols and carboxylic acids contain one or more hydroxy groups.
When necessary, the position of the hydroxyl group is indicated by a number between the alkane name and the -ol: propan-1-ol for CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OH, propan-2-ol for CH 3 CH(OH)CH 3. If a higher priority group is present (such as an aldehyde , ketone , or carboxylic acid ), then the prefix hydroxy- is used, [ 19 ] e.g., as in 1-hydroxy-2 ...
It consists of a methylene bridge (−CH 2 − unit) bonded to a hydroxyl group (−OH). This makes the hydroxymethyl group an alcohol. It has the identical chemical formula with the methoxy group (−O−CH 3) that differs only in the attachment site and orientation to the rest of the molecule. However, their chemical properties are different ...
The hydroxyl radical has a very short in vivo half-life of approximately 10 −9 seconds and a high reactivity. [5] This makes it a very dangerous compound to the organism. [6] [7] Unlike superoxide, which can be detoxified by superoxide dismutase, the hydroxyl radical cannot be eliminated by an enzymatic reaction.
2-Hexanol (hexan-2-ol) is a six-carbon alcohol in which the hydroxy group (OH) is located on the second carbon atom. Its chemical formula is C 6 H 14 O or C 6 H 13 OH. It is an isomer of the other hexanols. 2-Hexanol has a chiral center and can be resolved into two different enantiomers. Its toxicity is based on metabolism to hexane-2,5-dione. [3]
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1,2,3,4-Cyclohexanetetrol (also named cyclohexane-1,2,3,4-tetrol, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxycyclohexane, or ortho-cyclohexanetetrol) is an organic compound whose molecule can be described as a cyclohexane with four hydroxyl (OH) groups substituted for hydrogen atoms on four consecutive carbon atoms. Its formula can be written C 6 H 12 O 4, C 6 H 8 (OH)