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A hardware interrupt is a condition related to the state of the hardware that may be signaled by an external hardware device, e.g., an interrupt request (IRQ) line on a PC, or detected by devices embedded in processor logic (e.g., the CPU timer in IBM System/370), to communicate that the device needs attention from the operating system (OS) [7] or, if there is no OS, from the bare metal ...
In computer systems programming, an interrupt handler, also known as an interrupt service routine or ISR, is a special block of code associated with a specific interrupt condition. Interrupt handlers are initiated by hardware interrupts, software interrupt instructions, or software exceptions , and are used for implementing device drivers or ...
An interruptible operating system is an operating system with ability to handle multiple interrupts concurrently, or in other words, which allow interrupts to be interrupted. Concurrent interrupt handling essentially mean concurrent execution of kernel code and hence induces the additional complexity of concurrency control in accessing kernel ...
A context switch can also occur as the result of an interrupt, such as when a task needs to access disk storage, freeing up CPU time for other tasks. Some operating systems also require a context switch to move between user mode and kernel mode tasks. The process of context switching can have a negative impact on system performance. [3]: 28
Concise Microsoft O.S. Timeline – a color-coded concise timeline for various Microsoft operating systems (1981–present) Bitsavers – an effort to capture, salvage, and archive historical computer software and manuals from minicomputers and mainframes of the 1950s, 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s
An interrupt vector table (IVT) is a data structure that associates a list of interrupt handlers with a list of interrupt requests in a table of interrupt vectors. Each entry of the interrupt vector table, called an interrupt vector, is the address of an interrupt handler (also known as ISR). While the concept is common across processor ...
Software interrupt vector numbers are defined by the specific runtime environment, such as the IBM PC BIOS, DOS, or other operating systems. They are triggered by software using the INT instruction (either by applications, device drivers or even other interrupt handlers).
IRQ 9 – Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) system control interrupt on Intel chipsets. [6] And/or left for the use of peripherals (use depends on OS) IRQ 10 – The interrupt is left for the use of peripherals (for example, SCSI or NIC) IRQ 11 – The interrupt is left for the use of peripherals (for example, SCSI or NIC)