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The equation expresses the fact that the first person has no one to share a birthday, the second person cannot have the same birthday as the first ( 364 / 365 ), the third cannot have the same birthday as either of the first two ( 363 / 365 ), and in general the n th birthday cannot be the same as any of the n − 1 preceding birthdays.
For example: 24 x 11 = 264 because 2 + 4 = 6 and the 6 is placed in between the 2 and the 4. Second example: 87 x 11 = 957 because 8 + 7 = 15 so the 5 goes in between the 8 and the 7 and the 1 is carried to the 8. So it is basically 857 + 100 = 957.
A multiple of a number is the product of that number and an integer. For example, 10 is a multiple of 5 because 5 × 2 = 10, so 10 is divisible by 5 and 2. Because 10 is the smallest positive integer that is divisible by both 5 and 2, it is the least common multiple of 5 and 2.
The simplest example given by Thimbleby of a possible problem when using an immediate-execution calculator is 4 × (−5). As a written formula the value of this is −20 because the minus sign is intended to indicate a negative number, rather than a subtraction, and this is the way that it would be interpreted by a formula calculator.
Calculators are permitted on this portion of the test. This round is meant to test the accuracy and problem solving skills of the competitor. Many later problems are highly difficult, even with the aid of a calculator, and it is common for some students to leave questions blank. The Team Round consists of 10 problems to be solved in 20 minutes.
The TI-36X series is one of the few calculators [5] currently permitted for use on the Fundamentals of Engineering exam. While TI offers other calculators eligible for use on the exam, the TI-36X Pro is the most feature full Texas Instruments calculator permitted. HP and Casio also make calculators permitted on the exam.
Most numbers do not divide 9 or 10 evenly, but do divide a higher power of 10 n or 10 n − 1. In this case the number is still written in powers of 10, but not fully expanded. For example, 7 does not divide 9 or 10, but does divide 98, which is close to 100. Thus, proceed from +,
The nth partial sum is given by a simple formula: = = (+). This equation was known to the Pythagoreans as early as the sixth century BCE. [5] Numbers of this form are called triangular numbers, because they can be arranged as an equilateral triangle.