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The goal of EGR is thus to reduce NO x production by reducing the combustion temperatures. In modern diesel engines, the EGR gas is usually cooled with a heat exchanger to allow the introduction of a greater mass of recirculated gas. However, uncooled EGR designs do exist; these are often referred to as hot-gas recirculation (HGR).
The BMW N52 is a naturally aspirated straight-6 petrol engine which was produced from 2004 to 2015. The N52 replaced the BMW M54 and debuted on the E90 3 Series and E63 6 Series . The N52 was the first water-cooled engine to use magnesium/aluminium composite construction in the engine block. [ 1 ]
The BMW N46 is a naturally aspirated inline-four piston engines which replaced the BMW N42 and was produced from 2004 to 2015. [1] The N46 serves as the basis for the smaller BMW N45 engine (which does not have Valvetronic). In 2007, the N46's successor - the BMW N43 - was introduced.
The S63 is the BMW M version of the N63, which debuted in the BMW X6 M and was used in the BMW M5 models from 2011 to 2023. The S63 uses two twin-scroll turbochargers plus a pulse tuned, cross-engine exhaust manifold [ 8 ] to keep constant exhaust pulses flowing to the turbos at every 180 degree rotation.
BMW N47 is a four-cylinder common rail diesel engine that has many improvements over its predecessor, the M47. In 2014 it was replaced with the B47 . The USA market never received B47 engine.
Announcement of Periodic Review: Moody's announces completion of a periodic review of ratings of BMW Bank of North AmericaGlobal Credit Research - 13 Jan 2022New York, January 13, 2022 -- Moody's ...
The BMW M51 is an inline-6 cylinder Diesel engine produced by the Upper Austrian BMW plant in Steyr from July 1991 through February 2000. Its predecessor is the BMW ...
The Maserati Biturbo was an executive grand tourer that was to compete mainly with the BMW 3 series, but earned a negative reception for its new twin-turbocharged engine, which led to unpredictable power delivery through its turbo lag, and its numerous reliability problems.