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The species was transferred from the genus Clostridium to Clostridioides in 2016, thus giving it the binomial Clostridioides difficile. [18] [19] [20] This new name reflects the taxonomic differences between this species and members of the genus Clostridium, while maintaining the common name as C. diff. [19]
Clostridium is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-positive bacteria.Species of Clostridium inhabit soils and the intestinal tracts of animals, including humans. [1] This genus includes several significant human pathogens, including the causative agents of botulism and tetanus.
The genus Clostridioides was created to describe a few species formerly in the genus Clostridium which have been shown to be their own genetically distinct genus using 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. [1] However, both names are still in use and valid under the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. [2]
Clostridioides difficile infection [5] (CDI or C-diff), also known as Clostridium difficile infection, is a symptomatic infection due to the spore-forming bacterium Clostridioides difficile. [6] Symptoms include watery diarrhea, fever, nausea, and abdominal pain. [1] It makes up about 20% of cases of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. [1]
Genus Clostridioides: Clostridium difficile and C. mangenotii, reassigned in 2016. [4] Genus Filifactor: Clostridium villosum, reassigned in 1994. Genus Maledivibacter: Clostridium halophilum, reassigned in 2016. Genus Paraclostridium: Clostridium bifermentans, reassigned in 2016.
Most species of the genus Clostridium are saprophytic organisms that ferment plant polysaccharides [2] and are found in many places in the environment, most notably the soil. However, the genus does contain some human pathogens (outlined below).
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