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Hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGF receptor) [5] [6] is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MET gene.The protein possesses tyrosine kinase activity. [7] The primary single chain precursor protein is post-translationally cleaved to produce the alpha and beta subunits, which are disulfide linked to form the mature receptor.
Hepatocyte growth factor regulates cell growth, cell motility, and morphogenesis by activating a tyrosine kinase signaling cascade after binding to the proto-oncogenic c-Met receptor. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Hepatocyte growth factor is secreted by platelets , [ 8 ] and mesenchymal cells and acts as a multi-functional cytokine on cells of mainly epithelial ...
The regulatory mechanisms prepare hepatocytes to enter the cell cycle. The proliferation phase involves activation of various growth factors, including two factors that play a major role in liver regeneration, EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) and c-Met. During this phase, hepatocytes undergo a series of cell division cycles and expansion ...
Growth factor is sometimes used interchangeably among scientists with the term cytokine. [3] Historically, cytokines were associated with hematopoietic (blood and lymph forming) cells and immune system cells (e.g., lymphocytes and tissue cells from spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes).
Hepatocyte growth factor activator is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HGFAC gene. [5] [6] [7]The protein encoded by this gene, belongs to peptidase family S1. It is first synthesized as an inactive single-chain precursor before being activated to a heterodimeric form by endoproteolytic processing.
This cytokine and the hepatocyte growth factor form a heterodimer that functions as a pre-pro-B cell growth-stimulating factor. This cytokine is found to be a cofactor for V(D)J rearrangement of the T cell receptor beta (TCRß) during early T cell development. [16]
Macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP), also known as hepatocyte growth factor-like protein (HLP, HGFL, or HGFLP), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MST1 (macrophage-stimulating 1) gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ]
TGFBR3 is composed of an extracellular receptor domain consisting of 849 amino acids which is intracellularly connected to a short cytoplasmic domain. Betaglycan, being expressed by a whole range of various cell types within the organism, can be found in the form of a membrane-bound receptor, or as a soluble protein capable of interactions with the extracellular matrix ().