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Examples of highly conserved sequences include the RNA components of ribosomes present in all domains of life, the homeobox sequences widespread amongst eukaryotes, and the tmRNA in bacteria. The study of sequence conservation overlaps with the fields of genomics , proteomics , evolutionary biology , phylogenetics , bioinformatics and mathematics .
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...
Some conserved core processes, called "exploratory processes", have the ability to generate many different phenotypical outcomes or states. Examples include: the formation of microtubule structures, the development of the nervous system (i.e. connecting of axons and target organs), synapse elimination, muscle patterning, the production of blood ...
This glossary of cellular and molecular biology is a list of definitions of terms and concepts commonly used in the study of cell biology, molecular biology, and related disciplines, including molecular genetics, biochemistry, and microbiology. [1] It is split across two articles:
Additionally, exceptional conservation of synteny can reflect important functional relationships between genes. For example, the order of genes in the "Hox cluster", which are key determinants of the animal body plan and which interact with each other in critical ways, is essentially preserved throughout the animal kingdom. [11]
Moiety conservation is the conservation of a subgroup in a chemical species, which is cyclically transferred from one molecule to another. In biochemistry, moiety conservation can have profound effects on the system's dynamics.
In an influential paper, Wiens and Donoghue [3] laid out how phylogenetic niche conservatism might help explain the latitudinal diversity gradient.While support for the hypothesis that niche conservatism drives latitudinally structured variation in species richness has been found in some clades, [11] overall, phylogenetic niche conservatism has not received strong support as the underlying ...
A simple hypothetical example would be two adjacent genes – A and B – on the same chromosome in an individual. If the allele at A promotes fitness "one point", while the allele at B reduces fitness "one point", but the two genes are inherited together, then selection cannot favour the allele at A while penalising the allele at B – the ...