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In general, a common fraction is said to be a proper fraction if the absolute value of the fraction is strictly less than one—that is, if the fraction is greater than −1 and less than 1. [14] [15] It is said to be an improper fraction, or sometimes top-heavy fraction, [16] if the absolute value of the fraction is greater than or equal to 1 ...
For example, 1 / 4 , 5 / 6 , and −101 / 100 are all irreducible fractions. On the other hand, 2 / 4 is reducible since it is equal in value to 1 / 2 , and the numerator of 1 / 2 is less than the numerator of 2 / 4 . A fraction that is reducible can be reduced by dividing both the numerator ...
A strictly proper transfer function is a transfer function where the degree of the numerator is less than the degree of the denominator. The difference between the degree of the denominator (number of poles) and degree of the numerator (number of zeros) is the relative degree of the transfer function.
Proper morphism, in algebraic geometry, an analogue of a proper map for algebraic varieties; Proper transfer function, a transfer function in control theory in which the degree of the numerator does not exceed the degree of the denominator; Proper equilibrium, in game theory, a refinement of the Nash equilibrium; Proper subset; Proper space ...
An abuse of process is the unjustified or unreasonable use of legal proceedings or process to further a cause of action by an applicant or plaintiff in an action. It is a claim made by the respondent or defendant that the other party is misusing or perverting regularly issued court process (civil or criminal) not justified by the underlying legal action.
Malicious prosecution is a common law intentional tort.Like the tort of abuse of process, its elements include (1) intentionally (and maliciously) instituting and pursuing (or causing to be instituted or pursued) a legal action (civil or criminal) that is (2) brought without probable cause and (3) dismissed in favor of the victim of the malicious prosecution.
It is possible for A and B to be equal; if they are unequal, then A is a proper subset of B. The relationship of one set being a subset of another is called inclusion (or sometimes containment ). A is a subset of B may also be expressed as B includes (or contains) A or A is included (or contained) in B .
Internet abuse refers to improper use of the internet and may include: Cyberbullying, use of the internet to bully and intimidate. Cybercrime, use of computers in criminal activity e.g. hacking; Cybersex trafficking, the live streaming of coerced sexual acts and or rape; Internet homicide, the killing online