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In the north, were the Sultanate of Brunei (a British protectorate) and two colonies of the United Kingdom—British North Borneo (later renamed Sabah) and Sarawak. Borneo after cessation of hostilities; divided between Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia. The control of the island was the main issue behind the war at the time.
One of the two Commando Carriers, HMS Albion and HMS Bulwark, was also committed throughout the period of Confrontation usually in their transport role for troops, helicopters and army aircraft between Singapore and Borneo. An indication of relative effort is 'infantry battalion months' for the last 12 months of the war in Sarawak and Sabah.
From about early 1964, a battery of 4 or 6 105 mm Pack Howitzer guns had rotated through Borneo from the two Royal Artillery regiments in Malaya and Singapore. Later in 1964, a Malaysian battery of four guns deployed in East Brigade. The deployment of the British battery is unclear but appears to have operated single guns throughout the country.
The extent to which Malaysian Army units undertook Claret operations is also unclear. At peak artillery strength in 1965–1966 there were six batteries (two from the Royal Malaysian Artillery) of 105 mm Pack Howitzer , half a battery of 5.5-inch guns and a section of 4.2-inch mortars operated by men detached from the light air defence battery ...
British forces landed from a Westland Wessex helicopter during an operation in Borneo, August 1964.. In 1964, command arrangements changed. 99 Gurkha Infantry Brigade HQ returned from Singapore and replaced 3 Commando Brigade HQ in Kuching. 3rd Malaysian Infantry Brigade HQ arrived to take over East Brigade in Tawau, and 51 Gurkha Infantry Brigade HQ arrived from UK to command the Central ...
July 1958 to November 1960 Brigadier F.G Hassett, DSO, MVO, OBE: Australia: November 1960 to October 1962 Brigadier R.B Dawson, CB, DSO: New Zealand: October 1962 to October 1964 Brigadier T.D.R McMeekin, OBE: United Kingdom: October 1964 to January 1967 Brigadier P.L Tancred, OBE: Australia: January 1967 to March 1969 Brigadier R.M Gurr, OBE ...
The Battle of Sungei Koemba (27 May – 12 June 1965) took place during the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation.Involving Australian and Indonesian troops, the battle consisted of a series of ambushes launched by the 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (3 RAR), along the Sungei Koemba river in Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo).
The Australian Army units in Borneo were successful, but played only a secondary role in the fighting. Regardless the conflict provided useful experience which help the Army to prepare for the much higher-intensity fighting it would experience in Vietnam. [8] The Navy also gained valuable experience in coastal patrol operations.