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Intensive agriculture, also known as intensive farming (as opposed to extensive farming), conventional, or industrial agriculture, is a type of agriculture, both of crop plants and of animals, with higher levels of input and output per unit of agricultural land area.
Since 2000, aquaculture has been the fastest growing food production sector, growing 5.8% per year, [6] supplying over 100 metric tonnes of fish, shellfish and seaweeds from 425 species in 2017. [3] [4] Global aquaculture production by country in million tonnes, 1950–2010, as reported by the FAO. Based on data sourced from the FishStat database.
Aquaculture technology is varied with design and development requiring knowledge of mechanical, biological and environmental systems along with material engineering and instrumentation. [4] Furthermore, engineering techniques often involve solutions borrowed from wastewater treatment , fisheries, and traditional agriculture.
Intensive animal farming, industrial livestock production, and macro-farms, [1] also known as factory farming, [2] is a type of intensive agriculture, specifically an approach to animal husbandry designed to maximize production while minimizing costs. [3]
Aquaculture involves cultivating freshwater, brackish water, and saltwater populations under controlled or semi-natural conditions and can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is the harvesting of wild fish. [2] Aquaculture is also a practice used for restoring and rehabilitating marine and freshwater ecosystems.
Fish chosen for extensive aquaculture are very hardy and often do well in high densities. Seaweed, prawns, mussels, carp, tilapia, tuna and salmon are the most prominent forms of extensive aqua cultured seafood. Extensive aquaculture facilities have negative impacts on the environment as well.
Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) are used in home aquaria and for fish production where water exchange is limited and the use of biofiltration is required to reduce ammonia toxicity. [1] Other types of filtration and environmental control are often also necessary to maintain clean water and provide a suitable habitat for fish. [ 2 ]
IMS aquaculture is similar to extensive farming in that it doesn't depend on chemical inputs, formulated feed and shrimp larvae but instead relies on natural feed and natural shrimp recruitment from the exchange of tidal water. [2] [4] [8] Silvoaquaculture, is a manageable alternative for small-scale farmers who lack access to financial support.