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Over the course of her many academic works, Watson developed a set of 10 "caritive" processes to act as a guide for the core of nursing. [12] The following are translation of the "carative" factors into clinical processes. [13] Practice of loving kindness and equanimity within context of caring consciousness.
Nursing theory is defined as "a creative and conscientious structuring of ideas that project a tentative, purposeful, and systematic view of phenomena". [1] Through systematic inquiry, whether in nursing research or practice, nurses are able to develop knowledge relevant to improving the care of patients.
Behaviorism was first developed by John B. Watson (1912), who coined the term "behaviorism", and then B. F. Skinner who developed what is known as "radical behaviorism". Watson and Skinner rejected the idea that psychological data could be obtained through introspection or by an attempt to describe consciousness; all psychological data, in ...
This theory was derived from Watson's theory of human care and her own practice. [4] Kolcaba was a head nurse asked to define her job as a nurse outside of specialized responsibilities. She realized the lack of written knowledge on the subject of comfort being important in patient care. [ 5 ]
Watson and Clark (1991) proposed the Tripartite Model of Anxiety and Depression to help explain the comorbidity between anxious and depressive symptoms and disorders. [1] This model divides the symptoms of anxiety and depression into three groups: negative affect, positive affect and physiological hyperarousal.
Many subsequent factor analyses, variously formulated and expressed in a variety of languages, have repeatedly reported the finding of five largely similar factors. The five-factor approach has been portrayed as a fruitful, scientific achievement―a fundamental advance in the understanding of human personality.
average, about 10 percent more profitable than corresponding companies with men CEOs.19 USA Today compared the stocks of 13 Fortune 500 companies with women CEOs to the stocks of the overall S&P 500 and found that in 2009 the women-led companies were up an average of 50 percent, while the S&P 500 was up 25 percent.20
Common factors theory has been dominated by research on psychotherapy process and outcome variables, and there is a need for further work explaining the mechanisms of psychotherapy common factors in terms of emerging theoretical and empirical research in the neurosciences and social sciences, [39] just as earlier works (such as Dollard and ...