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A jet engine afterburner is an extended exhaust section containing extra fuel injectors. Since the jet engine upstream (i.e., before the turbine) will use little of the oxygen it ingests, additional fuel can be burned after the gas flow has left the turbines. When the afterburner is turned on, fuel is injected and igniters are fired.
The Pratt & Whitney J58 (company designation JT11D-20) is an American jet engine that powered the Lockheed A-12, and subsequently the YF-12 and the SR-71 aircraft. It was an afterburning turbojet engine with a unique compressor bleed to the afterburner that gave increased thrust at high speeds.
Klimov VK-1F turbojet with afterburner. An afterburner is a propulsive duct in which high velocity exhaust from an engine turbine is converted into pressure in a diffuser. Afterburner fuel is burned with the oxygen in the dilution air which was not involved in the engine combustion process. The gas expands in a nozzle with an increase in velocity.
Afterburner fuel injectors are integrated into these vanes, which block line-of-sight of the turbines, contributing to aft-sector stealth. The axisymmetric nozzle consists of fifteen partially overlapping flaps that create a sawtooth pattern at the trailing edge. This creates shed vortices and reduces the infrared signature of the exhaust plume.
In full afterburner it produces a thrust of more than 30,000 pounds-force ... Axial flow, 2 stage fan, 9 stage HP ... Specific fuel consumption: 0.562 lb/lbf/h ...
In early afterburner installations, the pilot had to check the nozzle position indicator after selecting afterburner. If the nozzle did not open for some reason, and the pilot did not react by cancelling the afterburner selection, typical controls of that period [32] (e.g. the J47 in the F-86L), could cause the turbine blades to overheat and ...
The nozzle actuators use engine fuel whereas the F404 uses an engine hydraulic system. "Fueldraulic" actuators for afterburner nozzles have been used since the 1960s on the Pratt & Whitney J58 [5] and Rolls-Royce Turbomeca Adour, [6] for example. They are also used to swivel the VTOL nozzle for the Rolls-Royce LiftSystem. [7]
Air mass flow: 65 kg/s (143 lb/s) Turbine inlet temperature: 1,850 K (1,577 °C; 2,870 °F) Fuel consumption: 3,977 kg/h (8,770 lb/h) and 12,695 kg/h (27,990 lb/h) (with afterburner) Specific fuel consumption: 22.14 g/(kN⋅s) (0.782 lb/(lbf⋅h)) and 47.11 g/(kN⋅s) (1.663 lb/(lbf⋅h)) (with afterburner)