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So many Loyalists arrived on the shores of the St. John River that a separate colony—New Brunswick—was created in 1784; [102] followed in 1791 by the division of Quebec into the largely French-speaking Lower Canada (French Canada) along the St. Lawrence River and the Gaspé Peninsula and an anglophone Loyalist Upper Canada, with its capital ...
In 1600, a trading post was established at Tadoussac, but only five of the sixteen settlers survived the winter and returned home that summer. [27] In 1604, the first year-round permanent settlement was founded by Samuel de Champlain at Île-Saint-Croix on Baie Française (Bay of Fundy), which was moved to Port-Royal in 1605. [28]
Mackenzie became the first European to reach the Pacific overland north of the Rio Grande which preceded the Lewis and Clark Expedition by twelve years. Shortly thereafter, Mackenzie's companion, John Finlay, founded the first permanent European settlement in British Columbia, Fort St. John.
In the first wave, the treaties were key in advancing European settlement across the Prairie regions as well as the development of the Canadian Pacific Railway. In the second wave, resource extraction was the main motive for government officials.
1526: Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón briefly establishes the failed settlement of San Miguel de Gualdape in South Carolina, the first site of enslavement of Africans in North America and of the first slave rebellion. 1527: Fishermen are using the harbor at St. John's, Newfoundland and other places on the coast.
First European-founded capital of the "New World" in the United States, established by Juan de Oñate. 1598 San Juan de los Caballeros: New Mexico United States With Española, the oldest European-founded settlement in the southwestern United States: 1599 Tadoussac: Quebec: Canada
Hélène Desportes is considered the first child with European ancestry to be born in New France. She was born circa 1620, to Pierre Desportes (born Lisieux, Normandie, France) and Françoise Langlois. [21] The first permanent European settlements in Canada were at Port Royal in 1605 and Quebec City in 1608 as fur trading posts.
The first powered heavier-than-air flight in Canada occurred on Bras d'Or Lake at Baddeck, Nova Scotia, when John Alexander Douglas McCurdy piloted the AEA Silver Dart over a flight of less than 1 kilometer. [82] 1910: 4 May: Royal Canadian Navy is established. [83] 1914: 4 August: Great Britain declares war on Germany, bringing Canada into the ...