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Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a nerve compression syndrome associated with the collected signs and symptoms of compression of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel in the wrist. Carpal tunnel syndrome usually has no known cause, but there are environmental and medical risk factors associated with the condition.
In the human body, the carpal tunnel or carpal canal is a flattened body cavity on the flexor (palmar/volar) side of the wrist, bounded by the carpal bones and flexor retinaculum. It forms the passageway that transmits the median nerve and the tendons of the extrinsic flexor muscles of the hand from the forearm to the hand . [ 1 ]
He described the carpal tunnel syndrome in 1950, [3] and although it had been described previously by James Paget in 1854 and James Jackson Putman in 1880, amongst others, [4] Phalen improved the understanding of the aetiology of the condition with his experience of several hundred patients during the 1950s and 1960s. [5]
Restricting wrist motion eliminates the repetitive movement and tension overload in the carpal tunnel. This gives the tendon sheaths a chance to heal, reducing swelling, which then may decrease the pressure on the median nerve. [citation needed] Splints also aim to keep the wrist at a certain angle to decrease pressure within the carpal tunnel ...
The procedure is used as a treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome and according to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) treatment guidelines, early surgery is an option when there is clinical evidence of median nerve denervation or the patient elects to proceed directly to surgical treatment. [5]
Transverse section across the wrist and digits. (The median nerve is the yellow dot near the center. The carpal tunnel is not labeled, but the circular structure surrounding the median nerve is visible.) Phalen's maneuver is a diagnostic test for carpal tunnel syndrome [1] by an American orthopedist named George S. Phalen. [2]
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is caused by compression of the median nerve as it passes under the carpal tunnel. [11] Nerve conduction velocity tests through the hand are used to diagnose CTS. Physical diagnostic tests include the Phalen maneuver or Phalen test and Tinel's sign. To relieve symptoms, patients may describe a motion similar to ...
Tendinopathy in the wrist (extensor) or thumb (De Quervain syndrome) Inflammatory arthritis; Rheumatoid arthritis; The hallmark symptom of carpal tunnel syndrome is tingling (paresthesia), which is not commonly associated with pain. [2] Ulnar nerve entrapment at Guyon's canal causes weakness in specific muscles, but is not typically painful. [2]