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Learned helplessness is the behavior exhibited by a subject after enduring repeated aversive stimuli beyond their control. It was initially thought to be caused by the subject's acceptance of their powerlessness, by way of their discontinuing attempts to escape or avoid the aversive stimulus, even when such alternatives are unambiguously presented.
His theory of learned helplessness is popular among scientific and clinical psychologists. [2] A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Seligman as the 31st most cited psychologist of the 20th century. [3] Seligman is the Zellerbach Family Professor of Psychology in the University of Pennsylvania's Department of Psychology.
Collectively, their research established that certain behaviors could be learned or unlearned, and these theories have been applied in a variety of contexts, including abnormal psychology. [4] Theories specifically applied to depression emphasize the reactions individuals have to their environment and how they develop adaptive or maladaptive ...
Learned helplessness isn’t a mental health condition itself—but it can be a sign of one. Most notably, learned helplessness goes hand-in-hand with depression. They have a sort of symbiotic ...
Seligman confronted dogs with a situation accompanied by a total lack of perceived control, which ultimately lead the dogs to give into the situation. They learned passiveness, helplessness. Seligman transferred his experiments to humans, speculating that perceived control is related to the development of, for instance, depression. [6] [7]
Learned helplessness was conceptualized and developed in the 1960s and ‘70s during a series of laboratory experiments on dogs and human beings. “It was, in many ways, what came first ...
The "learned helplessness" model formed the theoretical basis of the original Abramson, Seligman, and Teasdale statement on attributional style. [8] More recently, Abramson, Metalsky and Alloy proposed a modified "hopelessness theory". [7] This distinguished hopeless depression and more circumscribed pessimism.
The number of childfree women is at a record high: 48 percent of women between the ages of 18 and 44 don’t have kids, according to 2014 Census numbers. The Huffington Post and YouGov asked 124 women why they choose to be childfree.