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Phenytoin (PHT), sold under the brand name Dilantin among others, [1] is an anti-seizure medication. [3] It is useful for the prevention of tonic-clonic seizures (also known as grand mal seizures) and focal seizures, but not absence seizures. [3] The intravenous form, fosphenytoin, is used for status epilepticus that does not improve with ...
According to guidelines by the American Academy of Neurology and American Epilepsy Society, [42] mainly based on a major article review in 2004, [43] patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy who require treatment can be initiated on standard anticonvulsants such as carbamazepine, phenytoin, valproic acid/valproate semisodium, phenobarbital, or on ...
Fetal hydantoin syndrome, also called fetal dilantin syndrome, is a group of defects caused to the developing fetus by exposure to teratogenic effects of phenytoin. Dilantin is the brand name of the drug phenytoin sodium in the United States, commonly used in the treatment of epilepsy .
Absence seizures are also known to occur to patients with porphyria and can be triggered by stress or other porphyrin-inducing factors. Childhood Absence Epilepsy. Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is a type of idiopathic epilepsy characterized by its non-convulsive, generalized nature and a genetic origin influenced by multiple factors [20]
Epilepsy is a group of non-communicable neurological disorders characterized by recurrent epileptic seizures. [10] ... Evidence suggests that phenytoin, carbamazepine ...
Pregnant patients with epilepsy should keep track of their seizure activity and report all breakthrough seizures, regardless of severity, to their healthcare providers. Sleep deprivation , which often happens in the third trimester of pregnancy and the postpartum period, is a common seizure trigger (particularly for frontal lobe and idiopathic ...
Fosphenytoin is approved in the United States for the short-term (five days or fewer) treatment of epilepsy when more widely used means of phenytoin administration are not possible or are ill-advised, [4] such as endotracheal intubation, status epilepticus or some other type of repeated seizures; cluster seizure, vomiting, and/or the patient is unalert or not awake or both.
Post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) is a form of acquired epilepsy that results from brain damage caused by physical trauma to the brain (traumatic brain injury, abbreviated TBI). [1] A person with PTE experiences repeated post-traumatic seizures (PTS, seizures that result from TBI) more than a week after the initial injury. [ 2 ]