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Strictly speaking, the terms grounding or earthing are meant to refer to an electrical connection to ground/earth. Bonding is the practice of intentionally electrically connecting metallic items not designed to carry electricity. This brings all the bonded items to the same electrical potential as a protection from electrical shock.
A ground connection that is missing or of inadequate capacity may not provide the protective functions as intended during a fault in the connected equipment. Extra connections between ground and circuit neutral may result in circulating current in the ground path, stray current introduced in the earth or in a structure, and stray voltage.
Symbol for chassis ground A chassis ground is a link between different metallic parts of a machine to ensure an electrical connection between them. [ 1 ] Examples include electronic instruments and motor vehicles.
"T" — Earth connection is by a local direct connection to earth (Latin: terra), usually via a ground rod. "N" — the earth connection is supplied by the electricity supply network, either separately to the neutral conductor (TN-S), combined with the neutral conductor (TN-C), or both (TN-C-S). These are discussed below.
A floating ground is a reference point for electrical potential in a circuit which is galvanically isolated from actual earth ground. Most electrical circuits have a ground which is electrically connected to the Earth, hence the name "ground". The ground is said to be floating when this connection does not exist. [1]
Hot is any line or neutral conductor (wire or otherwise) connected with an electrical system that has electric potential relative to electrical ground or line to neutral. Ground is a safety conductor with a low impedance path to earth. It is often called the "ground wire," or safety ground. It is either bare or has green insulation. [1]
Get ready for all of the NYT 'Connections’ hints and answers for #187 on Friday, December 15, 2023. Connections game on Friday, December 15 , 2023 The New York Times
An isolated ground (IG) (or Functional Earth (FE) in European literature) is a ground connection to a local earth electrode from equipment where the main supply uses a different earthing arrangement, one of the common earthing arrangements used with domestic mains supplies.