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Chronic compartment syndrome in the lower leg can be treated conservatively or surgically. [ 1 ] [ 23 ] Avoid using devices that apply pressure, like splints, casts, or tight dressings. [ 58 ] [ 24 ] If symptoms persist after basic treatment, or if someone wants to keep doing painful activities, compartment syndrome can be treated with surgery ...
Bilateral lower extremity inflammatory lymphedema (BLEIL) is a distinct type of lymphedema occurring in a setting of acute and prolonged standing, such as in new recruits during basic training. [28] Possible underlying mechanisms may include venous congestion and inflammatory vasculitis. [29]
Over time, untreated NC and LSS can lead to chronic pain and muscle weakness. [13] In severe cases, caudea equina syndrome can develop, disrupting sensory and motor function in the lower body and bladder. [15] Consequently, disability in the lower extremities may develop over time in individuals with untreated NC and LSS. [15]
Critical limb ischemia is diagnosed by the presence of ischemic rest pain, and an ulcers that will not heal or gangrene due to insufficient blood flow. [3] Insufficient blood flow may be confirmed by ankle-brachial index (ABI), ankle pressure, toe-brachial index (TBI), toe systolic pressure, transcutaneous oxygen measurement (TcpO2 ), or skin perfusion pressure (SPP).
Patients present with an acute onset of swelling, pain, erythema, prominent tenderness, warmness and limited range of motion in both ankles. [1] [2] Lower legs and heels may also be involved, however the distal parts of feet and toes are usually spared. Patients may also experience high-graded fever, pitting edema and hypotension.
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS type 1 and type 2), sometimes referred to by the hyponyms reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) or reflex neurovascular dystrophy (RND), is a rare and severe form of neuroinflammatory and dysautonomic disorder causing chronic pain, neurovascular, and neuropathic symptoms.
Acute limb ischaemia (ALI) occurs when there is a sudden lack of blood flow to a limb [1] within 14 days of symptoms onset. [2] On the other hand, when the symptoms exceed 14 days, [ 3 ] it is called critical limb ischemia (CLI).
Claudication is a medical term usually referring to impairment in walking, or pain, discomfort, numbness, or tiredness in the legs that occurs during walking or standing and is relieved by rest. [1] The perceived level of pain from claudication can be mild to extremely severe.