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Agaricus bisporus basidiospores. A basidiospore is a reproductive spore produced by basidiomycete fungi, a grouping that includes mushrooms, shelf fungi, rusts, and smuts. Basidiospores typically each contain one haploid nucleus that is the product of meiosis, and they are produced by specialized fungal cells called basidia.
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In the human pathogenic genus Cryptococcus, four nuclei following meiosis remain in the basidium, but continually divide mitotically, each nucleus migrating into synchronously forming nonballistic basidiospores that are then pushed upwards by another set forming below them, resulting in four parallel chains of dry "basidiospores". [citation needed]
Agaricomycotina is one of three subdivisions of the Basidiomycota (fungi bearing spores on basidia), and represents all of the fungi which form macroscopic fruiting bodies.. Agaricomycotina contains over 30,000 species, [1] divided into three classes: Tremellomycetes, Dacrymycetes, and Agaricomycetes.
All Russulaceae, including the corticioid species, are characterised by spherical to elliptic basidiospores with a faint to very distinct (e.g. warty, spiny, or crested) ornamentation that stains bluish-black with Melzer's reagent (an amyloid stain reaction). [10] [30] Basidia (spore-bearing cells) are usually club-shaped and four-spored. [44]
With fungi, most types of basidiospores formed on basidia are discharged into the air from the tips of sterigmata. At least 30 thousand species of mushrooms, basidiomycete yeasts, and other fungal groups may discharge ballistospores, sometimes at initial accelerations exceeding 10 thousand times g .
Gram stain of Candida albicans from a vaginal swab, showing hyphae, and chlamydospores, which are 2–4 μm in diameter.. A chlamydospore is the thick-walled large resting spore of several kinds of fungi, including Ascomycota such as Candida, [1] Basidiomycota such as Panus, [2] and various Mortierellales species. [3]
Ustilago esculenta is a species of fungus in the Ustilaginaceae, the same genus as those that cause corn smut, loose smut of barley, false loose smut, covered smut of barley, loose smut of oats, and other grass diseases.