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Before US President James K. Polk took office in 1845, the US Congress approved the annexation of Texas.After the annexation, Polk wished to affirm control of the region of Texas between the Nueces River, where Mexico claimed Texas's southern border to be, and the Rio Grande, where Texas declared the border to be when they declared independence from Mexico in 1836.
Acting on a tip from Madero's agents, leaders of the Magonista movement were arrested in the United States. [ 3 ] The rebellion was planned and coordinated by the Organizing Board of the Mexican Liberal Party from Los Angeles, California, to create a liberated and libertarian territory in Mexico, as the basis for extending a social revolution ...
After a long history under the Spanish Empire (1521–1821), Mexico gained its independence in 1821 and became the First Mexican Empire led by royalist military officer Agustín de Iturbide. Three years later, a federal republic was created under the Constitution of 1824 .
The Oxnard strike of 1903 is one of the first recorded instances of an organized strike by Mexican Americans in United States history. [152] The Mexican and Japanese American strikers raised the ire of the surrounding white American community. While picketing, one laborer, Luis Vasquez, was shot and killed, and four others were wounded. [153]
Taft and Porfirio Díaz, Ciudad Juárez, Mexico, 1909. Díaz opened Mexico to foreign investment of Britain, France, Germany, and most especially the United States. Mexico–United States relations during Díaz's presidency were generally strong, although he began to strengthen ties with Great Britain, Germany, and France to offset U.S. power and influence. [7]
With the U.S. victory in the Mexican–American War, the Gadsden Purchase, and the annexation of the Republic of Texas, much of the present-day states of California, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico, Arizona, and parts of Texas, Colorado, and Wyoming, were ceded to the United States. [10]
Mexico's anti-racist social movement has antecedents. The 1994 Zapatista uprising was billed as a revolution against neoliberalism, but also protested the marginalization of Indigenous communities.
The Garza Revolution was one of many outbreaks of rebellion during the four decades of Porfirio Diaz' regime. In September, Garza issued a statement, declaring that the citizens of Mexico were "treated like ' despicable slaves, ' that the Mexican government was plagued by ' frightful corruption, ' that freedom of the press had been squashed, and that the Constitution of 1857 had been betrayed.