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It is estimated in 2018 there was an 85% for a survival rate of thirty years following a Fontan procedure and there are approximately 50,000 to 70,000 people in the world with Fontan circulation. [23] It is approximated that 40% of people with Fontan circulation are ≥18 years of age. [22]
The last surgery, known as the Fontan procedure, is typically performed around the age of 18 months and older. The final result of these surgeries is to redirect the superior and inferior vena cavae into the pulmonary artery, bypassing the right atrium.
Currently, infants undergo either the staged reconstructive surgery (Norwood or Sano procedure within a few days of birth, Glenn or Hemi-Fontan procedure at 3 to 6 months of age, and the Fontan procedure at 1 1/2 to 5 years of age) or cardiac transplantation. [10] Current expectations are that 70% of those with HLHS may reach adulthood. [18]
An estimated annual 1,000 Fontan procedures are performed annually in the United States, with an estimated 50,000 to 70,000 patients having completed the procedure as of 2018. [ 14 ] [ 15 ] In Europe, an estimated 25,000 patients have completed the Fontan procedure as of 2021.
Long-term survival rates for children with single ventricle physiology are improving as medical and surgical advancements continue. In the major SVR trial (Single Ventricle Reconstruction) the transplant-free survival rate was only 54-59% amongst patients who underwent the Norwood procedure. [32]
The surgery death rate was 5–10% in 2011. [49] ... Survival rates for women did not significantly differ based on male or female donors. [55] See also
The Mustard procedure improved an 80% mortality rate in the first year of life to an 80% survival at age 20. Long-term follow-up studies now extend to more than 40 years post-operation [ 4 ] and there are numerous patients thriving in their 50s.
Sex gap in life expectancy and healthy life expectancy [1]. The male-female health survival paradox, also known as the morbidity-mortality paradox or gender paradox, is the phenomenon in which female humans experience more medical conditions and disability during their lives, but live longer than males.