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The crusading movement found that creating a single accepted ideology and an understanding of that ideology was a practical challenge. This was because the church did not have the necessary bureaucratic systems to consolidate thinking across the papacy, the monastic orders, mendicant friars, and the developing universities. [ 84 ]
The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Christian Latin Church in the medieval period.The best known of these military expeditions are those to the Holy Land between 1095 and 1291 that had the objective of reconquering Jerusalem and its surrounding area from Muslim rule after the region had been conquered by the Rashidun Caliphate ...
This is a list of the principal leaders of the Crusades, classified by Crusade. Crusader invasions of Egypt (1163–1169) Amalric I of Jerusalem ...
The list of the Crusades to the Holy Land from 1095 through 1291 is as follows. First Crusade (1095–1099) The activities from the Council of Clermont of 1095 through the establishment of the Kingdom of Jerusalem and the battle of Ascalon in 1099. Sometimes segregated into the People's Crusade and the Princes' Crusade.
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The Crusading Movement and Historians, by Jonathan Riley-Smith. Origins [of the Crusades], by British historian Marcus G. Bull. The Crusading Movement, 1096–1274, by British historian Simon Lloyd. The State of Mind of Crusaders to the East, 1095–1300, by Jonathan Riley-Smith. Songs [of the Crusades], by Michael J. Routledge. [164] [165]
People of the crusades in northern Europe, including crusaders, crusade initiators and opponents. Subcategories This category has the following 8 subcategories, out of 8 total.
The first of these is Crusades, [191] [137] by French historian Louis R. Bréhier, appearing in the Catholic Encyclopedia, based on his L'Église et l'Orient au Moyen Âge: Les Croisades. [192] The second is The Crusades, [193] by English historian Ernest Barker, in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition). Collectively, Bréhier and Barker ...