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In English orthography, many words feature a silent e (single, final, non-syllabic ‘e’), most commonly at the end of a word or morpheme. Typically it represents a vowel sound that was formerly pronounced, but became silent in late Middle English or Early Modern English .
Most IAL writing systems use only letters from the ISO basic Latin alphabet, but there are some exceptions. Volapük originally had three additional letters ꞛ, ꞝ, and ꞟ, devised by Schleyer himself. However, they have never been used much. They were replaced with vowels with Umlaut: ä, ö and ü.
Second, medical roots generally go together according to language, i.e., Greek prefixes occur with Greek suffixes and Latin prefixes with Latin suffixes. Although international scientific vocabulary is not stringent about segregating combining forms of different languages, it is advisable when coining new words not to mix different lingual roots.
In other foreign words, however, the e after i may be pronounced (e.g., Ambiente, Hygiene, Klient), or names like Daniela, Gabriel, and Triest. Words ending in -ie can be particularly tricky to learners: There are generally two possibilities: When the final ie is stressed, it represents long /iː/ as in Zeremonie /tseʁemoˈniː/.
The base alphabet consists of 21 letters: five vowels (A, E, I, O, U) and 16 consonants. The letters J, K, W, X and Y are not part of the proper alphabet, but appear in words of ancient Greek origin (e.g. Xilofono), loanwords (e.g. "weekend"), [2] foreign names (e.g. John), scientific terms (e.g. km) and in a handful of native words—such as the names Kalsa, Jesolo, Bettino Craxi, and Cybo ...
Words ending in -ica/-ico, -ide/-ido and -ula/-ulo, are stressed on the third-last syllable (politica, scientifico, rapide, stupido, capitula, seculo 'century'). Words ending in -ic are stressed on the second-last syllable (cubic). Speakers may pronounce all words according to the general rule mentioned above.
Novial is an international auxiliary language (IAL) created by Danish linguist Otto Jespersen in 1928. It was designed to facilitate human communication between speakers of different native languages. The name of the language is a blend of the Novial word novi (meaning 'new") and IAL.
Several sounds, e.g. /n/, /m/, /t/, /f/ are written with the same letter as in IPA. Some consonant sounds found in several Latin-script IAL alphabets are not represented by an ISO 646 letter in IPA. Three have a single letter in IPA, one has a widespread alternative taken from ISO 646: /ʃ/ (U+0283, IPA 134) /ʒ/ (U+0292, IPA 135)