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Structural dome on Baffin Island, seen in a planation surface. Oblique aerial photo of Upheaval Dome, Utah. Now considered to be a deeply-eroded impact crater, it was for many years believed to be a salt dome. Caprock of a salt diapir at Cape Breton, Nova Scotia. The white rocks at left center are the gypsum and anhydrite carapace of the diapir.
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A laccolith is a body of intrusive rock with a dome-shaped upper surface and a level base, fed by a conduit from below. A laccolith forms when magma (molten rock) rising through the Earth's crust begins to spread out horizontally, prying apart the host rock strata. The pressure of the magma is high enough that the overlying strata are forced ...
A bornhardt (/ ˈ b ɔːr n ˈ h ɑːr t /) is a dome-shaped, steep-sided, bald rock outcropping at least 30 metres (100 ft) in height and several hundred metres in width. [1] They are named after Wilhelm Bornhardt (1864–1946), a German geologist and explorer of German East Africa , who first described the feature.
A lava spine or lava spire is a growth that can form on the top of a lava dome. A lava spine can increase the instability of the underlying lava dome. A recent example of a lava spine is the spine formed in 1997 at the Soufrière Hills Volcano on Montserrat.
Granite domes are domical hills composed of granite with bare rock exposed over most of the surface. Generally, domical features such as these are known as bornhardts . Bornhardts can form in any type of plutonic rock but are typically composed of granite and granitic gneiss . [ 1 ]
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Dome or volcano name Volcanic area Composition Last dome eruption or growth episode Atwell Peak: Garibaldi Volcanic Belt: Rhyolite: Pleistocene: Cartoona Peak: Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province: Miocene: Mount Cayley: Garibaldi Volcanic Belt: Dacite: 200,000 years ago Ember Ridge: Garibaldi Volcanic Belt: Andesite: Pleistocene-Holocene ...