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In electronics, a frequency multiplier is an electronic circuit that generates an output signal which has a frequency that is a harmonic (multiple) of its input frequency. Frequency multipliers consist of a nonlinear circuit that distorts the input signal and consequently generates harmonics of the input signal.
The activation frequency is the rate at which multiplies are performed by the algorithm denoted by and the PFA constant, , is extracted empirically from past multiplier designs and shown to be about 15 fW/bit2-Hz for a 1.2 μm technology at 5V. The resulting power model for the multiplier on the basis of the above assumptions is:
Verilog was later submitted to IEEE and became IEEE Standard 1364-1995, commonly referred to as Verilog-95. In the same time frame Cadence initiated the creation of Verilog-A to put standards support behind its analog simulator Spectre. Verilog-A was never intended to be a standalone language and is a subset of Verilog-AMS which encompassed ...
From the Marcinkiewicz multiplier theorem (adapted to the context of the unit circle) we see that any such sequence (also assumed to be bounded, of course) [clarification needed] is a multiplier for every 1 < p < ∞. In one dimension, the disk multiplier operator (see table above) is bounded on L p for every 1 < p < ∞.
Direct digital synthesis (DDS) is a method employed by frequency synthesizers used for creating arbitrary waveforms from a single, fixed-frequency reference clock. DDS is used in applications such as signal generation , local oscillators in communication systems, function generators , mixers, modulators , [ 1 ] sound synthesizers and as part of ...
The input signal is thus effectively multiplied by a square wave that alternates between 0 and +1. This results in frequency components of the input signal being present in the output together with the product, [5] since the multiplying signal can be viewed as a square wave with a DC offset (i.e. a zero frequency component).
In computing, the clock multiplier (or CPU multiplier or bus/core ratio) sets the ratio of an internal CPU clock rate to the externally supplied clock. This may be implemented with phase-locked loop (PLL) frequency multiplier circuitry. A CPU with a 10x multiplier will thus see 10 internal cycles for every external clock cycle. For example, a ...
In a YIG multiplier, an input frequency is applied to a step-recovery diode mixer, generating harmonics. The YIG filter allows one harmonic to pass to the output and filters out the rest. Which harmonic is output can be changed by tuning the YIG filter, so the circuit can function as a frequency multiplier where the multiplication factor, N ...