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Powdered sugar, also called confectioners' sugar and icing sugar is a finely ground sugar produced by milling granulated sugar into a powdered state. It usually contains between 2% and 5% of an anti-caking agent —such as corn starch , potato starch or tricalcium phosphate [ 1 ] [ 2 ] —to absorb moisture, prevent clumping, and improve flow.
For example, in a recipe that calls for 10 pounds of flour and 5 pounds of water, the corresponding baker's percentages are 100% for the flour and 50% for the water. Because these percentages are stated with respect to the weight of flour rather than with respect to the weight of all ingredients, the sum of these percentages always exceeds 100%.
In all glucose polymers, from the native starch to glucose syrup, the molecular chain ends with a reducing sugar, containing a free aldehyde in its linear form. As the starch is hydrolysed, the molecules become shorter and more reducing sugars are present. Therefore, the dextrose equivalent describes the degree of conversion of starch to dextrose.
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The name derives from the Dutch word koek, which generally means a wheat flour confectionery, also the origin of the American English word "cookie" Krafne: Croatia: From German Krapfen: Krapfen: Austria, Bavaria and South Tyrol: Round, fried dough typically filled with apricot jam or vanilla cream and topped with powdered sugar. Krhki flancati ...
All-purpose flour Cassava flour (left) and corn flour (right) in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. These flours are basic ingredients for the cuisine of Central Africa. Kinako. Flour is a powder made by grinding raw grains, roots, beans, nuts, or seeds. Flours are used to make many different foods.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 6 March 2025. Sweet-tasting, water-soluble carbohydrates This article is about the class of sweet-flavored substances used as food. For common table sugar, see Sucrose. For other uses, see Sugar (disambiguation). Sugars (clockwise from top-left): white refined, unrefined, brown, unprocessed cane Sugar is ...
The bulk powder properties are the combined effect of particle properties by the conversion of food products in solid state into powdery form for ease of use, processing and keeping quality. [2] Various terms are used to indicate the particulate solids in bulk, such as powder, granules , flour and dust , though all these materials can be ...