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Tangent lines to circles; Circle packing theorem, the result that every planar graph may be realized by a system of tangent circles; Hexafoil, the shape formed by a ring of six tangent circles; Feuerbach's theorem on the tangency of the nine-point circle of a triangle with its incircle and excircles; Descartes' theorem; Ford circle; Bankoff circle
The tangent line to the unit circle at the point A, is perpendicular to , and intersects the y - and x-axes at points = (,) and = (,). The coordinates of these points give the values of all trigonometric functions for any arbitrary real value of θ in the following manner.
If a tangent from an external point A meets the circle at F and a secant from the external point A meets the circle at C and D respectively, then AF 2 = AC × AD (tangent–secant theorem). The angle between a chord and the tangent at one of its endpoints is equal to one half the angle subtended at the centre of the circle, on the opposite side ...
The tangent line to a point on a differentiable curve can also be thought of as a tangent line approximation, the graph of the affine function that best approximates the original function at the given point. [3] Similarly, the tangent plane to a surface at a given point is the plane that "just touches" the
Trigonometric ratios can also be represented using the unit circle, which is the circle of radius 1 centered at the origin in the plane. [37] In this setting, the terminal side of an angle A placed in standard position will intersect the unit circle in a point (x,y), where x = cos A {\displaystyle x=\cos A} and y = sin A {\displaystyle ...
It is relatively straightforward to construct a line t tangent to a circle at a point T on the circumference of the circle: A line a is drawn from O, the center of the circle, through the radial point T; The line t is the perpendicular line to a. Construction of a tangent to a given circle (black) from a given exterior point (P).
A circle with 1st-order contact (tangent) A circle with 2nd-order contact (osculating) A circle with 3rd-order contact at a vertex of a curve. For each point S(t) on a smooth plane curve S, there is exactly one osculating circle, whose radius is the reciprocal of κ(t), the curvature of S at t.
In the special cases of one of the diagonals or sides being a diameter of the circle, this theorem gives rise directly to the angle sum and difference trigonometric identities. [17] The relationship follows most easily when the circle is constructed to have a diameter of length one, as shown here.