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Thus, encoding/decoding is the translation needed for a message to be easily understood. When you decode a message, you extract the meaning of that message in ways to simplify it. Decoding has both verbal and non-verbal forms of communication: Decoding behavior without using words, such as displays of non-verbal communication.
The communication skills required for successful communication are different for source and receiver. For the source, this includes the ability to express oneself or to encode the message in an accessible way. [8] Communication starts with a specific purpose and encoding skills are necessary to express this purpose in the form of a message.
Knowledge stands for the understanding of the topic and the social-cultural system includes background beliefs and social norms common in the culture and social context of the communicators. [ 157 ] [ 153 ] Generally speaking, the more source and receiver are alike in regard to these factors, the more likely successful communication is.
Osgood's ideas influenced Schramm in two important ways: (1) he posited a field of shared experience acting as the background of communication and (2) he added the stages of encoding and decoding as internal responses to the process. [3] Because of these influences, some theorists refer to Schramm's model as the "Osgood–Schramm model". [2] [5]
Social perception (or interpersonal perception) is the study of how people form impressions of and make inferences about other people as sovereign personalities. [1] Social perception refers to identifying and utilizing social cues to make judgments about social roles, rules, relationships, context, or the characteristics (e.g., trustworthiness) of others.
Not enough research has been done to determine if words and images are the only way we remember items, and the theory would not hold true if another form of codes were discovered. [5] Another limitation of the dual-coding theory is that it is only valid for tests on which people are asked to focus on identifying how concepts are related. [ 2 ]
A closely related role is to establish and maintain social relations with other people. Verbal communication is also utilized to coordinate one's behavior with others and influence them. In some cases, language is not employed for an external purpose but only for entertainment or personal enjoyment. [ 56 ]
Social skills are the tools that enable people to communicate, learn, ask for help, get needs met in appropriate ways, get along with others, make friends, develop healthy relationships, protect themselves, and in general, be able to interact with the society harmoniously. [1] Social skills build essential character traits like trustworthiness ...