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Phyllanthus williamsii Standl. Urinaria erecta Medik. Phyllanthus niruri is a widespread tropical plant commonly found in coastal areas, known by the common names gale of the wind , stonebreaker , shatter stone , seed-under-leaf , quebra pedra and chance pierre .
Phyllanthus is the largest genus in the plant family Phyllanthaceae. Estimates of the number of species in this genus vary widely, from 750 [ 2 ] to 1200. [ 3 ] Phyllanthus has a remarkable diversity of growth forms including annual and perennial herbs , shrubs , climbers , floating aquatics , and pachycaulous succulents .
Phyllanthus niruri L. – Tropical & Subtrop. America – gale of the wind, guinine weed, seed underleaf, stone-breaker America – gale of the wind, guinine weed, seed underleaf, stone-breaker Phyllanthus niruroides Müll.Arg. – W. Tropical Africa to W. Ethiopia and Angola
Medicinal plants are widely used as folk medicine in non-industrialized societies, mainly because they are readily available and cheaper than modern medicines. The annual global export value of the thousands of types of plants with medicinal properties was estimated to be US$60 billion per year and growing at the rate of 6% per annum.
Plants used in herbalism include ginkgo, echinacea, feverfew, and Saint John's wort. The pharmacopoeia of Dioscorides, De Materia Medica, describing some 600 medicinal plants, was written between 50 and 70 AD and remained in use in Europe and the Middle East until around 1600 AD; it was the precursor of all modern pharmacopoeias. [14] [15] [16]
Phyllanthaceae is a family of flowering plants in the eudicot order Malpighiales.It is most closely related to the family Picrodendraceae. [3]The Phyllanthaceae are most numerous in the tropics, with many in the south temperate zone, and a few ranging as far north as the middle of the north temperate zone.
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For example, Samydaceae and Scyphostegiaceae may be recognized as families or included in a large version of Salicaceae. [ 11 ] The group is difficult to characterize phenotypically, due to sheer morphological diversity, ranging from tropical holoparasites with giant flowers, such as Rafflesia , to temperate trees and herbs with tiny, simple ...